安装mariadb

• 下载二进制包并解压

[root@test-a src]# wget https://downloads.mariadb.com/MariaDB/mariadb-10.2.6/bintar-linux-glibc_214-x86_64/mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz[root@test-a src]# tar zxvf mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz

• 移动目录到/usr/local/目录下并重命名为mariadb，进入该目录

[root@test-a src]# mv mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64 /usr/local/mariadb[root@test-a src]# cd /usr/local/mariadb

• 初始化数据库

[root@test-a mariadb]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mariadbWARNING: The host 'test-a' could not be looked up with resolveip.This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatiblewith this binary MariaDB version. The MariaDB daemon, mysqld, should worknormally with the exception that host name resolving will not work.This means that you should use IP addresses instead of hostnameswhen specifying MariaDB privileges !Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/data/mariadb' ...OKTo start mysqld at boot time you have to copysupport-files/mysql.server to the right place for your systemPLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MariaDB root USER !To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:'./bin/mysqladmin' -u root password 'new-password''./bin/mysqladmin' -u root -h test-a password 'new-password'Alternatively you can run:'./bin/mysql_secure_installation'which will also give you the option of removing the testdatabases and anonymous user created by default.  This isstrongly recommended for production servers.See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at http://mariadb.com/kb or theMySQL manual for more instructions.You can start the MariaDB daemon with:cd '.' ; ./bin/mysqld_safe --datadir='/data/mariadb'You can test the MariaDB daemon with mysql-test-run.plcd './mysql-test' ; perl mysql-test-run.plPlease report any problems at http://mariadb.org/jiraThe latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/.You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:http://dev.mysql.comConsider joining MariaDB's strong and vibrant community:https://mariadb.org/get-involved/

• 拷贝模板配置文件，启动脚本，进行相应的修改

[root@test-a mariadb]# cp support-files/my-small.cnf my.cnf # 上一篇安装MySQL使用的默认配置文件，这里正好可以试试非默认配置文件的安装[root@test-a mariadb]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mariadb[root@test-a mariadb]# vim /etc/init.d/mariadb# 找到位置'basedir='，然后更改如下basedir=/usr/local/mariadbdatadir=/data/mariadbconf=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf# 再往下找到 $bindir/mysqld_safe，添加启动配置项--defaults-file="$conf" $bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file="$conf" --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" "$@" &

• 启动maraidb

[root@test-a mariadb]# /etc/init.d/mariadb startStarting mariadb (via systemctl):  Warning: Unit file of mariadb.service changed on disk, 'systemctl daemon-reload' recommended.                                                           [  OK  ][root@test-a mariadb]# echo $?0[root@test-a mariadb]# netstat -antpActive Internet connections (servers and established)Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program nametcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1947/mastertcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1110/sshdtcp        0     64 192.168.77.134:22       192.168.77.1:11679      ESTABLISHED 2354/sshd: root@ptstcp        0      0 192.168.77.134:22       192.168.77.1:11716      ESTABLISHED 2515/sshd: root@ptstcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      1947/mastertcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      4388/mysqldtcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1110/sshd

安装Apache

Apache是一个基金会的名字，httpd才是要安装的软件包，早期它的名字就叫apache

• 下载相关的安装包并解压

[root@test-a src]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.37.tar.gz[root@test-a src]# wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.6.5.tar.gz[root@test-a src]# wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz[root@test-a src]# tar -zxvf apr-1.6.5.tar.gz[root@test-a src]# tar zvxf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz[root@test-a src]# tar zxvf httpd-2.4.37.tar.gz

• 编译安装

# 安装apr[root@test-a src]# cd apr-1.6.5/[root@test-a apr-1.6.5]# ./configure[root@test-a apr-1.6.5]# make && make install# 安装apr-util[root@test-a apr-1.6.5]# cd ../apr-util-1.6.1/[root@test-a apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr[root@test-a apr-1.6.5]# make && make install...xml/apr_xml.c:35:19: fatal error: expat.h: No such file or directory #include 
    
                        ^compilation terminated.make[1]: *** [xml/apr_xml.lo] Error 1make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/apr-util-1.6.1'make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1# 出现错误，yum install expat-devel 解决[root@test-a apr-util-1.6.1]# yum install expat-devel[root@test-a apr-1.6.5]# make && make install# 安装apache[root@test-a httpd-2.4.37]# cd ../httpd-2.4.37/[root@test-a httpd-2.4.37]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most...configure: error: pcre-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/# 报错，也是缺少库，搜索安装解决[root@test-a httpd-2.4.37]# yum list | grep pcrepcre.x86_64                              8.32-12.el7                   @anacondaghc-pcre-light.x86_64                    0.4-13.el7                    epelghc-pcre-light-devel.x86_64              0.4-13.el7                    epelmingw32-pcre.noarch                      8.38-1.el7                    epelmingw32-pcre-static.noarch               8.38-1.el7                    epelmingw64-pcre.noarch                      8.38-1.el7                    epelmingw64-pcre-static.noarch               8.38-1.el7                    epelpcre.i686                                8.32-17.el7                   basepcre.x86_64                              8.32-17.el7                   basepcre-devel.i686                          8.32-17.el7                   basepcre-devel.x86_64                        8.32-17.el7                   basepcre-static.i686                         8.32-17.el7                   basepcre-static.x86_64                       8.32-17.el7                   basepcre-tools.x86_64                        8.32-17.el7                   basepcre2.i686                               10.23-2.el7                   basepcre2.x86_64                             10.23-2.el7                   basepcre2-devel.i686                         10.23-2.el7                   basepcre2-devel.x86_64                       10.23-2.el7                   basepcre2-static.i686                        10.23-2.el7                   basepcre2-static.x86_64                      10.23-2.el7                   basepcre2-tools.x86_64                       10.23-2.el7                   basepcre2-utf16.i686                         10.23-2.el7                   basepcre2-utf16.x86_64                       10.23-2.el7                   basepcre2-utf32.i686                         10.23-2.el7                   basepcre2-utf32.x86_64                       10.23-2.el7                   base[root@test-a httpd-2.4.37]# yum install -y pcre-devel[root@test-a httpd-2.4.37]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most.../usr/local/apr/build-1/libtool --silent --mode=link gcc -std=gnu99  -g -O2 -pthread         -o htpasswd  htpasswd.lo passwd_common.lo       /usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.la /usr/local/apr/lib/libapr-1.la -lrt -lcrypt -lpthread -ldl -lcrypt/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_GetErrorCode'/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_SetEntityDeclHandler'/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_ParserCreate'/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_SetCharacterDataHandler'/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_ParserFree'/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_SetUserData'/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_StopParser'/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_Parse'/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_ErrorString'/usr/local/apr-util/lib/libaprutil-1.so: undefined reference to `XML_SetElementHandler'collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit statusmake[2]: *** [htpasswd] Error 1make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.37/support'make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.37/support'make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1# 又报错。上网找资料“缺少了xml相关的库，需要安装libxml2-devel包。直接安装并不能解决问题，因为httpd调用的apr-util已经安装好了，但是apr-util并没有libxml2-devel包支持。” (来源: https://my.oschina.net/LuCastiel/blog/1590706)  [root@test-a httpd-2.4.37]# cd ../apr-util-1.6.1/[root@test-a apr-util-1.6.1]# make clean[root@test-a apr-util-1.6.1]# yum install -y libxml2-devel[root@test-a apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr[root@test-a apr-util-1.6.1]# make && make install[root@test-a apr-util-1.6.1]# cd ../httpd-2.4.37[root@test-a httpd-2.4.37]# make clean[root@test-a httpd-2.4.37]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most[root@test-a httpd-2.4.37]# make[root@test-a httpd-2.4.37]# make install
    

• 查看apache已经加载的模块

[root@test-a httpd-2.4.37]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -MAH00557: httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for test-aAH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this messageLoaded Modules: core_module (static) so_module (static) http_module (static) mpm_event_module (static) authn_file_module (shared) authn_core_module (shared) authz_host_module (shared) authz_groupfile_module (shared) authz_user_module (shared) authz_core_module (shared) access_compat_module (shared) auth_basic_module (shared) reqtimeout_module (shared) filter_module (shared) mime_module (shared) log_config_module (shared) env_module (shared) headers_module (shared) setenvif_module (shared) version_module (shared) unixd_module (shared) status_module (shared) autoindex_module (shared) dir_module (shared) alias_module (shared)

• 启动

[root@test-a httpd-2.4.37]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl start[root@test-a httpd-2.4.37]# ps -aux|grep httpdroot     48045  0.4  0.2  75792  2388 ?        Ss   12:36   0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k startdaemon   48046  0.2  0.4 364756  4260 ?        Sl   12:36   0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k startdaemon   48065  0.7  0.4 364756  4260 ?        Sl   12:36   0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k startdaemon   48087  0.5  0.4 364756  4264 ?        Sl   12:36   0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k startroot     48136  0.0  0.0 112704   972 pts/0    S+   12:37   0:00 grep --color=auto httpd[root@test-a httpd-2.4.37]# netstat -ntlpActive Internet connections (only servers)Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program nametcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1947/mastertcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1110/sshdtcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      1947/mastertcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      4627/mysqldtcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      48045/httpdtcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1110/sshd